Research has found that female giant pandas in captivity generally reach sexual maturity at around five years of age, while male giant pandas typically reach sexual maturity at about six years. Statistical analysis of the lifespans and reproductive data of captive giant pandas over the years indicates that they are considered elderly once they surpass the age of 20. However, in the past decade or so, the continuous improvement in giant panda husbandry and healthcare techniques has significantly extended their average lifespan and natural reproductive years. As a result, many elderly giant pandas are defying the previous belief that they cannot reproduce naturally after the age of 20.
The longest-lived captive giant panda to give birth to date is Hai Zi, a female panda at the China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center. Hai Zi successfully gave birth to twin cubs, setting a new record for the age of panda mothers in captivity. This remarkable achievement underscores the progress made in extending both the lifespan and reproductive potential of giant pandas in managed care.