Baby pandas are commonly referred to as “cubs.” When a giant panda gives birth, the newborn cubs are incredibly small, weighing about 3 to 5 ounces (85 to 140 grams) at birth (Why Are Giant Panda Cubs So Small at Birth?). This makes them one of the smallest newborns relative to their mother’s size among all bear species.
Giant pandas are known to typically give birth to one or two cubs at a time, although it’s quite common for only one cub to survive in the wild. In captivity, zookeepers may intervene to ensure both cubs thrive, often by alternating feeding sessions. The mother panda is devoted to her cubs, spending most of her time caring for them during the initial months.
Panda cubs are born blind and hairless, relying entirely on their mother’s warmth and nourishment. After about three to four weeks, they begin to develop fur, and their eyes start to open around six to eight weeks old. As they grow, cubs become more active and playful, often engaging in wrestling and climbing, which helps them build strength and coordination.
Cubs remain dependent on their mother for about 18 months, during which they learn essential survival skills (How Giant Panda Mothers Train Their Cubs for Survival in the Wild?). After weaning, they may start to forage for bamboo, which becomes their primary diet.
In the wild, panda cubs typically remain with their mothers until they are about two years old, when they are ready to establish their territories. The survival of these cubs is crucial, as giant pandas are classified as vulnerable, with efforts in conservation aimed at increasing their population.